Had a Kidney Stone Before?
Here's how to lower your risk of another.
Passing or removing a stone treats the event. Finding out why your body made one is a different question — and for most causes, once it's identified, it's genuinely treatable.
A urologist treats the stone. I investigate why it formed.
That's essential care on its own — confirming the stone, treating it, removing it if it won't pass. What comes next is a separate question: why did your body make one, and what stops it happening again.
Roughly half of people who've had two stones never have a third; just over 1 in 10 go on to form them repeatedly. There's no way to know which you are without testing — only your blood and urine chemistry can tell you that. Once we've identified an abnormality, leaving it untreated means fewer than 4 in 10 people stay stone-free for even three years.
The reassuring part: this is one of the more fixable areas of kidney medicine. Most causes, once identified, respond well to a specific, targeted change.
What I can do for you now
Full testing, not a guess — blood work plus two 24-hour urine collections. One sample isn't reliable; your chemistry varies day to day.
A cause, not just an event — results usually show a specific pattern: too much calcium, oxalate or uric acid, too little citrate, or infection.
A plan matched to your result — sometimes diet alone, sometimes targeted medication. I'll say plainly where the evidence is strong and where it isn't — one commonly used drug lowers urine calcium reliably but hasn't been shown in a recent trial to actually cut recurrence.
Proof it's working — repeat testing after treatment starts. Assuming isn't good enough.
Diet advice for everyone who's had a stone.
Drink more than you think
2.5–3L a day, water first. The single best-proven step there is.
Don't cut calcium
Low-calcium diets mean more stones, not fewer. ~1,000–1,200mg/day from food.
Go easy on salt
Under ~5g a day. No dedicated trial exists — the logic is sound urine chemistry, not proof.
Moderate meat and fish
~0.8–1g protein/kg body weight a day. Excess raises stone-forming substances.
Cut back on soda
Sugary drinks are linked to higher stone risk; tea, coffee, and citrus juice to lower risk.
Watch oxalate and vitamin C
If your results show high oxalate, it's also worth watching spinach, nuts, chocolate, and high-dose vitamin C supplements.
Ready to find out what's actually driving your stones?
One consultation, a proper set of tests, and a plan built around your actual results.
Book an appointmentSources
- European Association of Urology. EAU Guidelines on Urolithiasis, 2026.
- Hakam N, et al. Outcomes in Randomized Clinical Trials Testing Changes in Daily Water Intake: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7:e2447621.
- Ferraro PM, et al. Soda and Other Beverages and the Risk of Kidney Stones. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;8:1389–1395.
- Curhan GC, et al. Comparison of Dietary Calcium with Supplemental Calcium and Other Nutrients as Factors Affecting the Risk for Kidney Stones in Women. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:497–504.
- Borghi L, et al. Comparison of Two Diets for the Prevention of Recurrent Stones in Idiopathic Hypercalciuria. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:77–84.